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Carmen Balcells Segala (August 9, 1930 – September 20, 2015) was a literary agent of Spanish-language authors from Spain and Latin America, including six Nobel Prize–winning authors. She led her agency from 1956 to 2000, during which time she was one of the driving forces behind the 1960s boom of Latin American literature. After her retirement she was awarded with an honorary doctorate, besides other awards, but returned to the agency in 2008. Authors who have published with Balcells have dedicated novels to her and included her as characters in her work; she is praised as "one of the most powerful and influential women in Spanish letters."〔Ayén 2006〕 She died at the age of 85 in Barcelona on September 20, 2015.〔Associated Press 2015〕 At her death Mario Vargas Llosa said: "Carmen queridísima, hasta pronto" ("Carmen dearest, see you soon").〔El Pais 2015〕 ==Career== In 1955 the Spanish poet Jaume Ferran put her in contact with leading writers of the 1950s, such as the Ferrater brothers, Jaime Gil de Biedma, Carlos Barral, Juan Goytisolo, and Josep Maria Castellet. She then began working as a correspondent in Barcelona and doing part-time work at the ACER literary agency, owned by the Romanian writer Vintilă Horia. Later Horia moved to Paris, which led her to found the Carmen Balcells Literary Agency in 1956.〔Ayén 2006〕 The agency started with the management of translation rights to foreign authors.〔Vargas Llosa 2000〕 Later, the first local author she represented was Luis Goytisolo. This was followed by a long list of prominent authors such as Pablo Neruda, Gabriel García Márquez, Mario Vargas Llosa, Julio Cortázar, Miguel Delibes, Alvaro Mutis,〔Goldman 2001〕 Camilo José Cela, Vicente Aleixandre, Gonzalo Torrente Ballester, Manuel Vázquez Montalbán, Jose Luis Sampedro, Terenci Moix, Juan Carlos Onetti, Jaime Gil de Biedma, Carlos Barral, Josep Maria Castellet, Juan Goytisolo, Alfredo Bryce Echenique, Juan Marsé, Eduardo Mendoza, Isabel Allende, Rosa Montero, Gustavo Martin Garzo. Some authors, such as García Márquez, Marsé, Onetti, Tosar and Dourado, have dedicated novels to her; others, such as Max Aub, Vázquez Montalbán, Donoso and Barral have included her as a character in their work.〔UAB 2005〕 Balcells considers her great accomplishment to be revising the contracts between authors and publishers to be more fair to authors. She established time limits on contracts and reserved the rights of translations for the authors.〔Vargas Llosa 2000〕〔Lucas 2008〕 One day, by phone, García Márquez asked, "Do you love me, Carmen?" She replied, "I can not answer, you are one third of my revenue."〔Ayén 2006〕 With almost forty years of work under her belt, Balcells announced in May 2000 that she was retiring as a literary agent. She had received the Gold Medal of Fine Arts and was invested with an honorary doctorate from the Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB).〔Prince of Girona Foundation〕 Her literary agency became headed by Gloria Gutierrez. However, in 2008 she returned again to take charge of the agency since it lost important writers such as Guillermo Cabrera Infante and Roberto Bolaño, who left to be with the agency of Andrew Wylie, known in the publishing industry as "el Chacal"; also the loss of authors such as Luisge Martin and Daniel Vázquez Salles.〔Constenla 2011〕 In 2010 the Spanish Ministry of Culture bought approximately fifty years of her personal archives for three million euros.〔Hax 2010〕 In May 2014 Balcells announces she will join with Andrew Wylie to become the Balcells-Wylie agency.〔Donadio〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Carmen Balcells」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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